Kubva pakuona kwehunyanzvi, maitiro ekugadzira chip akanyanya kuomarara uye anonetesa.Nekudaro, kubva kune yakazara maindasitiri cheni yeIC, inonyanya kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina: IC dhizaini → IC kugadzira → kurongedza → kuyedza.
Chip kugadzira maitiro:
1. Chip design
Iyo chip chigadzirwa chine vhoriyamu diki asi yakanyanya kunaka.Kugadzira chip, dhizaini chikamu chekutanga.Iyo dhizaini inoda rubatsiro rweiyo chip dhizaini ye chip dhizaini inodiwa pakugadzirisa nekubatsirwa kweiyo EDA chishandiso uye mamwe ma IP cores.
Chip kugadzira maitiro:
1. Chip design
Iyo chip chigadzirwa chine vhoriyamu diki asi yakanyanya kunaka.Kugadzira chip, dhizaini chikamu chekutanga.Iyo dhizaini inoda rubatsiro rweiyo chip dhizaini ye chip dhizaini inodiwa pakugadzirisa nekubatsirwa kweiyo EDA chishandiso uye mamwe ma IP cores.
3. Silicon -kusimudza
Mushure mokunge silicon yakaparadzaniswa, zvinhu zvakasara zvinosiyiwa.Yakachena silicon mushure mematanho akawanda asvika pamhando yekugadzira semiconductor.Iyi ndiyo inonzi electronic silicon.
4. Silicon -kukanda ingots
Mushure mekuchenesa, iyo silicon inofanirwa kukandwa musilicon ingots.Kirasi imwe chete yeelectronic-grade silicon mushure mekukandwa muingot inorema 100 kg, uye kuchena kwesilicon kunosvika 99.9999%.
5. Kugadziriswa kwefaira
Mushure mekunge iyo silicon ingot yakandwa, iyo silicon ingot yese inofanira kutemwa kuita zvidimbu, inova chidimbu chatinowanzo kudaidza kuti wafer, iyo yakaonda kwazvo.Mushure mezvo, wafer inokwenenzverwa kusvika yakwana, uye kumusoro kwakatsetseka segirazi.
Kufara kwesilicon wafers i8-inch (200mm) uye 12-inch (300mm) muhupamhi.Iyo yakakura iyo dhayamita, iyo yakaderera mutengo wechipi chimwe chete, asi yakakwirira kuoma kwekugadzirisa.
5. Kugadziriswa kwefaira
Mushure mekunge iyo silicon ingot yakandwa, iyo silicon ingot yese inofanira kutemwa kuita zvidimbu, inova chidimbu chatinowanzo kudaidza kuti wafer, iyo yakaonda kwazvo.Mushure mezvo, wafer inokwenenzverwa kusvika yakwana, uye kumusoro kwakatsetseka segirazi.
Kufara kwesilicon wafers i8-inch (200mm) uye 12-inch (300mm) muhupamhi.Iyo yakakura iyo dhayamita, iyo yakaderera mutengo wechipi chimwe chete, asi yakakwirira kuoma kwekugadzirisa.
7. Eclipse uye ion jekiseni
Chekutanga, zvinodikanwa kukorodza silicon oxide uye silicon nitride yakafumurwa kunze kweiyo photoresist, uye inonamira chidimbu chesilicon kuti insulate pakati pekristaro chubhu, uye wozoshandisa tekinoroji yekuisa pachena silicon yepasi.Wobva wabaya boron kana phosphorus muchimiro chesilicon, wozozadza mhangura kuti ubatanidze nemamwe ma transistors, wobva waisa imwe layer yeglue pairi kuita dhizaini yechimiro.Kazhinji, chip ine gumi nefararira, semigwagwa mikuru yakakomberedzwa.
7. Eclipse uye ion jekiseni
Chekutanga, zvinodikanwa kukorodza silicon oxide uye silicon nitride yakafumurwa kunze kweiyo photoresist, uye inonamira chidimbu chesilicon kuti insulate pakati pekristaro chubhu, uye wozoshandisa tekinoroji yekuisa pachena silicon yepasi.Wobva wabaya boron kana phosphorus muchimiro chesilicon, wozozadza mhangura kuti ubatanidze nemamwe ma transistors, wobva waisa imwe layer yeglue pairi kuita dhizaini yechimiro.Kazhinji, chip ine gumi nefararira, semigwagwa mikuru yakakomberedzwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-08-2023