1. Electrolytic capacitors
Electrolytic capacitors ma capacitors akaumbwa neoxidation layer pa electrode kuburikidza nekuita kwe electrolyte se insulating layer, iyo inowanzova nehukuru hukuru. Iyo electrolyte imvura, jelly-yakaita zvinhu zvakapfuma mumaion, uye akawanda electrolytic capacitor ari polar, ndiko kuti, pakushanda, voltage yeiyo yakanaka electrode yecapacitor inoda kugara yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yakaipa voltage.
Iyo yakakwirira simba ye electrolytic capacitors inopirwawo kune mamwe akawanda hunhu, senge kuve nehombe yekuvuza ikozvino, yakakura yakaenzana yakatevedzana inductance uye kuramba, kukanganisa kukuru kwekushivirira, uye hupenyu hupfupi.
Kuwedzera kune polar electrolytic capacitors, kune zvakare asiri-polar electrolytic capacitors. Pamufananidzo uri pazasi, pane marudzi maviri e1000uF, 16V electrolytic capacitors. Pakati pavo, yakakura haisi-polar, uye duku ndiyo polar.
(Non-polar uye polar electrolytic capacitors)
Mukati me electrolytic capacitor inogona kunge iri mvura ye electrolyte kana yakasimba polymer, uye electrode zvinhu zvinowanzoitwa Aluminium (Aluminium) kana tantalum (Tandalum). Izvi zvinotevera zvinowanzoitika polar aluminium electrolytic capacitor mukati mechimiro, pakati pezvikamu zviviri zvemagetsi pane pepa refiber rakanyikwa mu electrolyte, pamwe nepepa re insulating bepa rakashandurwa kuita silinda, rakavharirwa mugoko realuminium.
(Chimiro chemukati che electrolytic capacitor)
Kuparadzanisa electrolytic capacitor, chimiro chayo chekutanga chinogona kuoneka zvakajeka. Kuti udzivise kubuda uye kubuda kwe electrolyte, iyo capacitor pini chikamu inogadziriswa nekuvhara rubber.
Zvechokwadi, nhamba yacho inoratidzawo mutsauko wehuwandu hwemukati pakati pepolar uye kwete-polar electrolytic capacitors. Pachiyero chakafanana uye chiyero chevoltage, iyo isiri-polar electrolytic capacitor yakakura zvakapetwa kaviri pane iyo polar.
(Yemukati chimiro cheasiri-polar uye polar electrolytic capacitors)
Uyu mutsauko unonyanya kubva pamusiyano mukuru munzvimbo yemagetsi mukati me maviri capacitor. Iyo isiri-polar capacitor electrode iri kuruboshwe uye polar electrode iri kurudyi. Pamusoro pekusiyana kwenzvimbo, ukobvu hwema electrode maviri zvakare hwakasiyana, uye ukobvu hwepolar capacitor electrode hutete.
(Electrolytic capacitor aluminium sheet yehupamhi hwakasiyana)
2. Capacitor kuputika
Kana simba rinoshandiswa ne capacitor richidarika simba rayo rekumira, kana apo polarity yevoltage ye polar electrolytic capacitor yakadzoserwa, iyo capacitor leakage current inokwira zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekupisa kwemukati we capacitor, uye electrolyte. ichabudisa huwandu hwakawanda hwegasi.
Kuti udzivise kuputika kwe capacitor, kune matatu grooves akatsikirirwa pamusoro peimba ye capacitor, kuitira kuti kumusoro kwe capacitor ive nyore kuputsa pasi pekumanikidzwa kukuru uye kusunungura kudzvinyirira kwemukati.
(Kuputika tangi kumusoro kwe electrolytic capacitor)
Nekudaro, mamwe ma capacitor mukuita kwekugadzira, iyo yekumusoro groove kudzvanya haina kukodzera, kudzvanywa mukati me capacitor kuchaita kuti chisimbiso rubha pazasi pe capacitor chibudiswe, panguva ino kudzvanywa mukati me capacitor kunongoerekana kwaburitswa, kuchaita. kuputika.
1, kwete-polar electrolytic capacitor kuputika
Nhamba iri pazasi inoratidza isiri-polar electrolytic capacitor iri paruoko, ine simba re1000uF uye voltage ye16V. Mushure mekunge magetsi ashandiswa achipfuura 18V, iyo yekudonha ikozvino inowedzera, uye tembiricha uye kumanikidza mukati me capacitor kunowedzera. Pakupedzisira, chisimbiso cherabha chiri pasi pe capacitor chinoputika, uye ma electrode emukati anopwanyika akasununguka sepopcorn.
(isina-polar electrolytic capacitor overvoltage blasting)
Nekusunga thermocouple kune capacitor, zvinokwanisika kuyera nzira iyo tembiricha ye capacitor inoshanduka sezvo simba rinoshandiswa rinowedzera. Iyi inotevera nhamba inoratidza iyo isiri-polar capacitor mukuita kwekuwedzera kwevoltage, kana iyo yakashandiswa voltage inodarika kukosha kwekumira kwevoltage, tembiricha yemukati inoramba ichiwedzera maitiro.
(Kuwirirana pakati pevoltage uye tembiricha)
Nhamba iri pasi apa inoratidza shanduko yezvino inoyerera kuburikidza ne capacitor panguva imwecheteyo. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kuwedzera kwezvino ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekukwira kwekushisa kwemukati. Muchiitiko ichi, magetsi anowedzera mutsara, uye sezvo ikozvino inokwira zvakanyanya, boka rekupa simba rinoita kuti magetsi adonhe. Pakupedzisira, kana ikozvino inodarika 6A, iyo capacitor inoputika nekutinhira kukuru.
(Kuwirirana pakati pevoltage neazvino)
Nekuda kwehukuru hwemukati vhoriyamu ye-non-polar electrolytic capacitor uye huwandu hwe electrolyte, kudzvanywa kunoitwa mushure mekupfachukira kwakakura, zvichikonzera kuti tangi yekuyamura iri pamusoro pegoko isatyoke, uye yekuvharira rubber pazasi. ye capacitor inopeperetswa yakavhurika.
2, polar electrolytic capacitor kuputika
Kune polar electrolytic capacitors, voltage inoshandiswa. Kana iyo voltage ichipfuura iyo yekumira voltage ye capacitor, iyo yekudonha ikozvino inokwira zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti capacitor iwedzere uye kuputika.
Mufananidzo uri pazasi unoratidza iyo inomisa electrolytic capacitor, ine simba re1000uF uye voltage ye16V. Mushure mekuwedzeredza, iyo yemukati yekumanikidza process inoburitswa kuburikidza nepamusoro tangi yekuyamura tangi, saka iyo capacitor kuputika maitiro inodzivirirwa.
Iyi inotevera nhamba inoratidza kuti tembiricha ye capacitor inoshanduka sei nekuwedzera kweiyo voltage inoshandiswa. Sezvo iyo voltage inosvika zvishoma nezvishoma kune inomira voltage ye capacitor, iyo yakasara ikozvino ye capacitor inowedzera, uye tembiricha yemukati inoramba ichikwira.
(Kuwirirana pakati pevoltage uye tembiricha)
Nhamba inotevera ishanduko yekudonha kweiyo capacitor, iyo inonzi 16V electrolytic capacitor, mukuyedza maitiro, kana voltage ichipfuura 15V, kubuda kwecapacitor kunotanga kukwira zvakanyanya.
(Kuwirirana pakati pevoltage neazvino)
Kuburikidza nekuyedza maitiro maviri ekutanga electrolytic capacitor, zvinogona zvakare kuoneka kuti voltage muganho we1000uF akajairwa electrolytic capacitors. Kuti udzivise kuparara kwe-high-voltage ye-capacitor, paunenge uchishandisa electrolytic capacitor, zvakakosha kusiya margin akakwana maererano nekushanduka kwemagetsi chaiwo.
3,electrolytic capacitors munhevedzano
Pazvinenge zvakakodzera, capacitance yakakura uye yakakura capacitance inomira voltage inogona kuwanikwa nekuenderana uye yakatevedzana yekubatanidza, zvichiteerana.
(electrolytic capacitor popcorn mushure mekuputika kwepamusoro)
Mune mamwe maapplication, voltage inoshandiswa kune capacitor ndeye AC voltage, sekubatanidza macapacitor evatauri, kushandura ikozvino chikamu muripo, motor phase-shifting capacitors, nezvimwewo, zvinoda kushandiswa kwemanon-polar electrolytic capacitors.
Mubhuku remushandisi rakapihwa nevamwe vanogadzira capacitor, zvinopihwa zvakare kuti kushandiswa kwechinyakare polar capacitor ne-back-to-back series, kureva, maviri capacitor munhevedzano pamwe chete, asi polarity inopesana kuti iwane mhedzisiro yeasiri-. polar capacitors.
(electrolytic capacitance mushure mekuputika kwe overvoltage)
Izvi zvinotevera kuenzanisa kwepolar capacitor mukushandiswa kwemhepo inoenda mberi, reverse voltage, maviri electrolytic capacitors back-to-back series muzvikamu zvitatu zve non-polar capacitance, kuvuza ikozvino kuchinja nekuwedzera kwemhepo inoshandiswa.
1. Forward voltage uye leakage current
Ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza ne capacitor inopimwa nekubatanidza resistor munhevedzano. Mukati meiyo voltage kushivirira huwandu hwe electrolytic capacitor (1000uF, 16V), iyo yakashandiswa voltage inowedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva ku0V kuyera hukama pakati peinofanana inodonha yazvino uye voltage.
(positive series capacitance)
Nhamba inotevera inoratidza hukama huripo pakati pekudonha kwezvino uye voltage ye polar aluminum electrolytic capacitor, inova hukama husina mutsara neinodonha ikozvino iri pasi pe0.5mA.
(Hukama huri pakati pevoltage neazvino mushure meyekumberi akateedzana)
2, reverse voltage uye leakage ikozvino
Uchishandisa yazvino yazvino kuyera hukama pakati peiyo yakashandiswa kutungamira voltage uye electrolytic capacitor leakage ikozvino, inogona kuoneka kubva pamufananidzo uri pazasi kuti kana yakashandiswa reverse voltage inodarika 4V, iyo leakage ikozvino inotanga kuwedzera nekukurumidza. Kubva pamateru einotevera curve, reverse electrolytic capacitance yakaenzana nekupikisa kwe1 ohms.
(Reverse voltage Hukama pakati pevoltage neazvino)
3. Back-to-back series capacitors
Maviri akafanana electrolytic capacitor (1000uF, 16V) akabatana-kumashure-kumashure munhevedzano kuti agadzire isiri-polar yakaenzana electrolytic capacitor, uye ipapo hukama hwepakati pakati pevoltage yavo uye leakage ikozvino inoyerwa.
(yakanaka uye yakaipa polarity series capacitance)
Iyo inotevera dhizaini inoratidza hukama pakati peiyo capacitor voltage uye inodonha ikozvino, uye iwe unogona kuona kuti iyo yekudonha ikozvino inowedzera mushure meiyo yakashandiswa voltage inodarika 4V, uye yazvino amplitude isingasviki 1.5mA.
Uye chiyero ichi chinokatyamadza zvishoma, nekuti iwe unoona kuti kuvuza kweaya maviri-kumashure-kumashure akateedzana capacitors akakura kupfuura kuvuza ikozvino kweimwe capacitor kana voltage ichiiswa kumberi.
(Hukama huri pakati pevoltage neazvino mushure mezvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka akateedzana)
Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvenguva, pakanga pasina bvunzo inodzokororwa yechiitiko ichi. Zvichida imwe yemacapacitor yakashandiswa yaive capacitor yereverse voltage bvunzo izvozvi, uye pakanga paine kukuvara mukati, saka iyo iri pamusoro bvunzo curve yakagadzirwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-25-2023
