Dzidza aya maviri masekete, PCB dhizaini haina kuoma!

Sei uchidzidzira simba redunhu dhizaini

Iyo dhizaini yemagetsi chikamu chakakosha chechigadzirwa chemagetsi, dhizaini yemagetsi emagetsi yakanangana nekuita kwechigadzirwa.

Kurongwa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi

Maseketi emagetsi ezvigadzirwa zvedu zvemagetsi anonyanya kusanganisira mitsara yemagetsi emagetsi uye yakakwirira-frequency switching magetsi ekushandisa. Mune dzidziso, iyo mutsara wemagetsi emagetsi ndeyekuti yakawanda sei ikozvino inodiwa nemushandisi, iyo yekuisa ichapa iyo yakawanda ikozvino; Kuchinja magetsi ndiko kuti isimba rakawanda sei rinodiwa nemushandisi, uye ingani simba rinopihwa pakupera kwekuisa.

Schematic diagram ye linear power supply circuit

Linear magetsi maturusi anoshanda mumutsara mamiriro, senge edu anowanzo shandiswa voltage regulator chips LM7805, LM317, SPX1117 zvichingodaro. Mufananidzo 1 pazasi ndiyo dhizaini yedhizaini yeLM7805 yakadzorwa magetsi emagetsi emagetsi.

Mufananidzo 1 Schematic diagram ye linear power supply

Inogona kuoneka kubva pamufananidzo kuti mutsara wemagetsi wemagetsi unoumbwa nezvinhu zvinoshanda sekugadzirisa, kusefa, kutonga kwemagetsi uye kuchengetedza simba. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakajairika mutsara wemagetsi magetsi ndeye akateedzana voltage regulation magetsi, iyo inobuda ikozvino yakaenzana neyekupinza ikozvino, I1 = I2 + I3, I3 ndiyo yekupedzisira yereferenzi, yazvino idiki kwazvo, saka I1≈I3. . Sei tichida kutaura pamusoro pezvino, nokuti PCB dhizaini, hupamhi hwemutsara wega wega hauna kurongeka, hunofanirwa kutsanangurwa maererano nehukuru hwezvino pakati pemanodhi mune schematic. Ikozvino ukuru uye kuyerera kwezvino kunofanirwa kuve kwakajeka kuita bhodhi rakarurama. 

Linear magetsi ekupa PCB dhayagiramu

Paunenge uchigadzira PCB, kurongeka kwezvikamu kunofanira kunge kwakabatana, zvose zvinobatanidzwa zvinofanira kunge zvakapfupika sezvinobvira, uye zvikamu nemitsetse zvinofanira kuiswa maererano nekushanda kwehukama hwezvikamu zvechirongwa. Iyi dhizaini yekupa magetsi ndiyo yekutanga kugadzirisa, uyezve kusefa, kusefa ndiyo voltage regulation, voltage regulation ndiyo simba rekuchengetedza capacitor, mushure mekuyerera kuburikidza necapacitor kune inotevera redunhu magetsi.

Mufananidzo 2 ndiyo PCB dhayagiramu yemufananidzo wepamusoro, uye madhayagiramu maviri akafanana. Mufananidzo wekuruboshwe uye mufananidzo wekurudyi zvakati siyanei, iyo magetsi iri pamufananidzo wekuruboshwe yakananga kutsoka yekupinza yevoltage regulator chip mushure mekugadzirisa, uyezve iyo voltage regulator capacitor, uko kusefa kweiyo capacitor kwakanyanya kuipa. , uye zvinobuda zvinonetsawo. Mufananidzo uri kurudyi wakanaka. Hatifaniri kungofunga nezvekuyerera kwedambudziko rakanaka rekupa magetsi, asiwo tinofanira kufunga nezvedambudziko rekudzokera shure, kazhinji, mutsara wemagetsi akanaka uye mutsara wekudzokera shure unofanirwa kuva pedyo kune mumwe nemumwe sezvinobvira.

Mufananidzo 2 PCB dhayagiramu yemutsara wemagetsi ekupa

Paunenge uchigadzira iyo linear magetsi ekupa PCB, isu tinofanirawo kutarisisa kune dambudziko rekupisa kupisa kwesimba regulator chip yeiyo mutsara magetsi, kuti kupisa kunouya sei, kana voltage regulator chip pamberi pekupedzisira iri 10V, inobuda magumo i5V, uye inobuda ikozvino 500mA, ipapo pane 5V voltage inodonha pane regulator chip, uye kupisa kunoitwa 2.5W; Kana magetsi ekuisa ari 15V, kudonha kwemagetsi kuri 10V, uye kupisa kunoitwa 5W, saka, tinoda kuisa padivi nzvimbo yakakwana yekubvisa kupisa kana kunyura kwekupisa zvinoenderana nesimba rekupisa. Linear magetsi emagetsi anowanzo shandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo musiyano wekumanikidzwa uri mudiki uye ikozvino idiki, zvikasadaro, ndapota shandisa switching magetsi emagetsi.

High frequency switching simba rekupa wedunhu schematic muenzaniso

Kuchinja kwemagetsi ndiko kushandisa dunhu kudzora chubhu yekumhanyisa-kumhanya-ku-ku-kudzima uye kubviswa, kuburitsa PWM waveform, kuburikidza neinductor uye inoenderera yazvino diode, kushandiswa kwemagetsi kutendeuka kwenzira yekudzora voltage. Kushandura magetsi, kushanda kwepamusoro, kupisa kwakadzika, isu tinowanzo shandisa dunhu: LM2575, MC34063, SP6659 uye zvichingodaro. Muchidzidzo, simba rekushandura rakaenzana kumativi ose maviri edunhu, magetsi ari inversely proportional, uye ikozvino inversely proportional.

Mufananidzo 3 Schematic dhayagiramu yeLM2575 switching power supply circuit

PCB dhayagiramu yekuchinja magetsi

Paunenge uchigadzira iyo PCB yemagetsi ekuchinja, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise kune: iyo yekuisa poindi yemhinduro mutsara uye inoenderera yazvino diode ndeye iyo inoenderera ikozvino inopihwa. Sezvinogona kuonekwa kubva Mufananidzo 3, kana U1 ichishandurwa, ikozvino I2 inopinda inductor L1. Chimiro cheinductor ndechekuti kana ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza ne inductor, haigoni kugadzirwa kamwe kamwe, uye haigoni kupera kamwe kamwe. Shanduko yezvino mune inductor ine nguva yekuita. Pasi pechiito che pulsed ikozvino I2 inoyerera kuburikidza neiyo inductance, imwe yesimba remagetsi inoshandurwa kuita magineti simba, uye ikozvino zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera, pane imwe nguva, iyo control circuit U1 inodzima I2, nekuda kwehunhu hwe inductance, the ikozvino haigoni kungoerekana yanyangarika, panguva ino diode inoshanda, inotora ikozvino I2, saka inonzi inoenderera mberi ikozvino diode, inogona kuonekwa kuti inoenderera ikozvino diode inoshandiswa kune inductance. Ikozvino inopfuurira I3 inotanga kubva kumagumo asina kunaka eC3 uye inoyerera ichienda kumagumo akanaka eC3 kuburikidza neD1 uye L1, iyo yakaenzana nepombi, uchishandisa simba reinductor kuwedzera simba re capacitor C3. Kune zvakare dambudziko reiyo yekuisa poindi yemhinduro mutsara wekuona voltage, iyo inofanirwa kudzoserwa kunzvimbo mushure mekusefa, zvikasadaro iyo inobuda voltage ripple ichave yakakura. Aya mapoinzi maviri anowanzo furatirwa nevazhinji vedu PCB vagadziri, vachifunga kuti imwechete network haina kufanana ipapo, chokwadi, nzvimbo haina kufanana, uye maitiro ekuita akanaka. Mufananidzo 4 ndiyo PCB dhayagiramu yeLM2575 switching power supply. Ngationei kuti chii chakaipa nedhayagiramu isiriyo.

Mufananidzo 4 PCB dhayagiramu yeLM2575 inochinja magetsi

Sei tichida kutaura nezve schematic musimboti zvakadzama, nekuti schematic ine ruzivo rwakawanda rwePCB, senge nzvimbo yekupinda yepini yechikamu, saizi iripo yenode network, nezvimwewo, ona schematic, PCB dhizaini. harisi dambudziko. Iwo LM7805 uye LM2575 maseketi anomiririra yakajairwa dhizaini yemagetsi mutsara magetsi uye kushandura magetsi ekupa, zvichiteerana. Paunenge uchigadzira PCBS, marongerwo uye wiring yeaya maviri PCB madhayagiramu ari zvakananga pamutsetse, asi zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana uye bhodhi redunhu rakasiyana, iro rinogadziriswa zvinoenderana nemamiriro chaiwo.

Zvose zvinoshanduka hazviparadzanisiki, saka nheyo yemagetsi emagetsi uye nzira iyo bhodhi yakadaro, uye chigadzirwa chemagetsi chega chega hachiparadzanisi kubva kune magetsi uye dunhu rayo, saka, dzidza matunhu maviri, imwe inonzwisiswawo.